Calculation governance

A calculator needs a contract—not only a visible formula.

Each consequential tool identifies its version, units, rounding, invalid-input behavior, example rule, controlling arithmetic, and review status. AI may explain outputs; these deterministic functions control them.

practice-flow-staffing-schedule-access

Practice Flow staffing, rooms, access, schedule, and demand-test planner

v1.1.0

Units: Aggregate visits per week, active minutes, chair-minutes, instrument-set turns, people present, usable rooms, service-specific days, four-week hours, and visible ratios
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole percentages and one-decimal counts, minutes, hours, days, and ratios
Invalid inputs: Browser values are bounded at zero, rates at 0–100%, and local imports to the exact seven-appointment, four-service, office, room, and schedule schema; contradictory room, staffing, access, or refill entries remain visible
Examples: One fictional aggregate general-practice scenario is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; patient appointments, charts, images, employee files, credentials, contracts, and identifiable payer data are prohibited
Controlling formula: Each resource load equals entered task minutes or set demand divided by the corresponding available minutes or set-turn capacity. Doctor, assistant, hygiene, room, imaging, reprocessing, instruments, and front-office loads remain separate. Access pressure, future fill, completed utilization, refill, backlog coverage, potential test hours, and the daily doctor-active template remain separate and do not produce a composite score.
Reviewer status: Deterministic aggregate planning contract implemented; current state scope, clinical, infection-prevention, employment, OSHA, privacy/security, accounting, facility, equipment, and team competency review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Identify the first operating constraint to verify before changing staffing, rooms, appointment blocks, training, or service-specific marketing.
Numerator: Entered task minutes, room minutes, instrument-set demand, third-next days, scheduled hours, completed hours, refilled hours, backlog hours, or potential test hours depending on the displayed measure.
Denominator: Minutes actually present for the matching resource, usable room minutes, quick instrument-set turn capacity, office-set access target, four-week available service hours, cancelled hours, or weekly service capacity.
Event date: A typical week for resource loads, the entered next or prior four weeks for access, and an undated non-patient daily template for scheduling.
Measurement window: One typical week plus separate service-specific four-week access windows; the user must keep periods consistent.
Inclusions: Entered provider, team, room, imaging, active reprocessing, instrument, appointment, access, cancellation, refill, backlog, inquiry, obligation, urgent-capacity, and schedule-preference assumptions.
Exclusions: Patient-level decisions, state duty authorization, staffing ratios, clinical time standards, employee scoring, production quotas, direct booking, diagnosis, and permanent marketing recommendations.
Failure modes: Treating headcount as availability, plumbed rooms as usable, assistant minutes twice, one cancellation as normal access, scheduled time as completed use, broad marketing as service-specific demand, cycle time as hands-on reprocessing work, or an aggregate instrument set as a procedure-level audit.

payer-credentialing-cash-continuity

Payer, credentialing, and cash-continuity control

v1.0.0

Units: Aggregate U.S. dollars per week or month, relative weeks 1–52, service-to-bank days, percentages, coded relationship fields, and evidence states
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars, days, weeks, counts, and one-decimal percentages
Invalid inputs: Numeric inputs are bounded at zero, rates at 0–100%, relative weeks at 0–52, and imports to the exact three-payer, eight-step-per-payer, four-scenario, five-event, and seven-gate schema
Examples: One fictional coded transition is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; patient information, exact dates, credentials, actual payer names, contracts, fee schedules, EOBs, and portal contents are prohibited in the browser workbench
Controlling formula: Weekly expected bank cash = aggregate weekly expected allowed amount × entered steady-state collection rate. The 26-week transition separately models patient-access cash at risk, interim bank cash, later recoverable cash, unresolved pending-service exposure, first standard bank week, cumulative cash-timing gap, and practice reserve margin. Identification, credentialing, contracting, enrollment, directory, claim, EFT/ERA, and first-paid-claim evidence remain separate.
Reviewer status: Deterministic transition contract implemented; payer-enrollment, dental benefits, billing, dental CPA, contract counsel, privacy/security, lender, owner, and patient-communication review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Protect patient access and practice liquidity while a payer relationship changes without calling every delayed dollar permanent lost revenue.
Numerator: Aggregate expected bank cash in U.S. dollars for each payer and week.
Denominator: Expected allowed dollars only for the entered steady-state collection rate; patient counts and claim counts do not enter the cash formula.
Event date: Relative transition week, broad service period, and broad cash period; exact patient or claim dates are excluded.
Measurement window: Twenty-six weekly periods from planned service start, with effective and recovery weeks allowed through week 52.
Inclusions: Entered aggregate allowed amount, collection rate, care continuity while pending, interim cash, reviewed later-recovery assumption, effective week, service-to-bank lag, and transition reserve.
Exclusions: Patient-level data, a fee schedule, contract text, an automatic loss conclusion, household reserve, payer recommendation, and collective competitor action.
Failure modes: Treating NPI or credentialing as payment approval, using seller participation for a buyer, unsupported retroactive recovery, mixed service and cash periods, double-counted reserve, and omitted network or product path.

succession-offer-and-stewardship-control

Succession, DSO offer, and patient-stewardship control

v2.0.0

Units: One to twenty annual periods in nominal U.S. dollars, percentages, present values, and coded evidence, authority, stewardship, obligation, and gate states
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars and whole percentages
Invalid inputs: Browser and imported values are bounded at zero, probabilities and tax rates at 0–100%, the horizon at 1–20 years, and imports to the exact seven-option, four-component, ten-control, ten-stewardship, eight-obligation, and ten-gate schema
Examples: One fictional coded seller comparison is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; agreements, offers, patient records, employee records, adviser communications, credentials, and direct identifiers are prohibited
Controlling formula: Ownership value PV = net cash at close + expected after-tax PV of seller note, holdback, earnout, and rollover equity + post-close ownership cash PV + terminal net-proceeds PV after separately entered disposition cost − transition, operating-friction, and expected guarantee-loss PV; earned clinical compensation remains separate and rollover-equity face value is never cash at close
Reviewer status: Deterministic comparison contract implemented; independent transaction, tax, valuation, financial-planning, employment, real-estate, patient-transition, and seller review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Compare credible seller paths over one horizon without treating contingent value or paid clinical work as closing cash.
Numerator: Expected after-tax ownership proceeds and cash flows, by component.
Denominator: None; this is a present-value bridge, not a ratio.
Event date: Closing, specified annual receipt dates, and the entered terminal year.
Measurement window: One common 1–20 year horizon.
Inclusions: Closing cash, note, holdback, earnout, rollover, ownership cash, net terminal proceeds, transition friction, and guarantee exposure.
Exclusions: Clinical compensation from ownership proceeds; headline value from realized cash.
Failure modes: Unsupported probabilities, mismatched horizons, omitted disposition costs, and face-value treatment of restricted or contingent instruments.

patient-centered-revenue-cycle-control

Patient-centered revenue-cycle control

v2.0.0

Units: Aggregate U.S. dollars, period days, administrative hours, ratios, and coded evidence states
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars, one-decimal minutes, and one-decimal percentages
Invalid inputs: Browser and imported numeric inputs are bounded at zero and practice-scale maxima; imports require the exact mandate, cash, five-exception, three-payer, and eight-gate schema
Examples: One fictional aggregate operating period is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; patient rows, employee records, credentials, private fee schedules, EOBs, and contract text are prohibited
Controlling formula: Net production = gross production − contractual adjustments − other adjustments/write-offs. Receivable-bridge expected receipts = net production + opening receivables − closing receivables. Receipt channels, service-period attribution, refunds, deposits in transit, bank-cleared cash, operating payments, tax, capital, owner clinical compensation, distributions, and reserve transfers reconcile in separate bridges.
Reviewer status: Deterministic reconciliation contract implemented; dental CPA, owner dentist, practice manager, qualified payer or coding reviewer, counsel, security reviewer, and payment provider review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Explain where cash moved or failed to move from care to receivables, receipts, bank clearing, and operating cash.
Numerator: U.S. dollars for each bridge; claim events remain a separate count.
Denominator: Only payer ratios use expected allowed dollars or collected dollars; claim count never enters dollar arithmetic.
Event date: Service/posting, claim submission, adjudication, receipt, bank-clear, and period-end dates remain distinct.
Measurement window: One declared aggregate period with opening and closing balance-sheet values.
Inclusions: Current/prior service receipts, channel receipts, refunds, deposits in transit, outside funding, taxes, capital, reserves, and distributions.
Exclusions: Patient rows, claim processing, accrual-accounting conclusions, and treating prior-period receipts as current-period production.
Failure modes: Mixed periods, count/dollar mixing, omitted receivable or deposit balances, and reporting owner funding as collections.

patient-centered-startup-control

Startup and buildout control system

v1.0.0

Units: U.S. dollars, calendar days, rooms, people, weekly clinical days, working-capital months, and coded evidence states
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars and days and one-decimal working-capital months
Invalid inputs: Browser and imported numeric inputs are bounded at zero and project-scale maxima; imports require the exact five-budget, three-bid, eight-gate, twelve-dependency, and four-change schema
Examples: One fictional aggregate startup is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; private quotes, contracts, patient records, employee records, credentials, and direct identifiers are prohibited
Controlling formula: Opening working capital = committed project sources − five-budget base − max(planned contingency, approved direct and downstream change cost); the pending case also reserves draft and pending change exposure; evidence, bid, dependency, practice-reserve, and household-reserve controls remain non-averaged
Reviewer status: Deterministic capital contract implemented; local architect, engineers, authorities, construction and real-estate counsel, independent dental CPA, lender, contractor, equipment, IT/security, credentialing, owner, and household review still required

patient-centered-acquisition-transfer

Five-bridge acquisition transfer

v2.0.0

Units: Annual U.S. dollars, separately dated source periods, liquidity months, and debt-service multiples
Rounding: Calculate the visible non-overlapping dollar bridge with full precision; display whole dollars, one-decimal liquidity months, and two-decimal debt coverage
Invalid inputs: Browser inputs are bounded at zero, cost percentages at 0–100%, source periods at 0–240 months, and imports to the exact five-bridge, timing, capital, and six-gate schema
Examples: One fictional aggregate target is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable; patient- and employee-level inputs are prohibited
Controlling formula: Buyer-repeatable collections = seller collections + the five separately disclosed non-overlapping dollar adjustments for seller-only activity, clinical mix, patient/referral transfer, payer/fee transfer, and collection loss. First-year receipts then apply a separate cash-timing bridge. Practice sources and uses, operating reserve, household reserve, clinical compensation, and debt remain separate.
Reviewer status: Deterministic contract implemented; independent dental CPA or valuation professional, transaction attorney, clinical reviewer, payer reviewer, lender, buyer, and household review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Estimate collections a buyer can reproduce without multiplying correlated retention guesses or double-counting losses.
Numerator: Annual U.S.-dollar increase or decrease for each transfer bridge.
Denominator: None in the bridge; cost percentages apply only to buyer-repeatable collections.
Event date: Each bridge states its source period; first-year receipt timing is separate from steady state.
Measurement window: One normalized annual steady-state period plus one first-year cash view.
Inclusions: Five non-overlapping transfer adjustments, restored expenses, clinical compensation, recurring capital reserve, debt, and separate practice capital uses.
Exclusions: Household reserve from practice funding; prior-period receipts from steady-state transferability; clinical labor from ownership return.
Failure modes: Multiplying correlated percentages, mixing cash timing with steady state, and netting capital needs into operating value.

purchasing-and-vendor-control

Purchasing and vendor comparison

v2.0.0

Units: Annual U.S. dollars, packages or service units, usable units, percentages, hours, and one common 1–10 year comparison horizon
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars and two-decimal unit costs
Invalid inputs: Inputs are bounded at zero, rates at 0–100%, and imports to the exact three-offer, sourcing, GPO-review, and governance schema
Examples: One fictional coded comparison is visibly labeled; vendor identity, confidential quotes, contracts, patient data, credentials, payer fees, and competitor strategy are prohibited
Controlling formula: Documented landed cost = item spend + freight + tax + documented processing/rush fees − rebates actually received. Labor, storage, waste, returns, downtime, recurring service, installation, and exit remain separately labeled scenario costs.
Reviewer status: Deterministic comparison contract implemented; qualified clinical, procurement, accounting, legal, security, and product-specific review still required

Complete metric contract

Decision purpose: Compare the same product or service scope without presenting uncertain operating effects as invoice facts.
Numerator: Documented annual landed dollars or modeled annual total dollars.
Denominator: Modeled usable units under one disclosed definition.
Event date: Quote validity period and annual comparison period.
Measurement window: One annual view and one common 1–10 year horizon.
Inclusions: Invoice economics in the documented bridge; labor, storage, waste, downtime, recurring, installation, and exit in the scenario bridge.
Exclusions: Promised but unreceived rebates from both bridges and paid placement from evidence conclusions.
Failure modes: Different configurations, unsupported usable-unit rates, expired quotes, uncertain costs mislabeled as landed cost, and omitted exit terms.

ownership-path-comparison

Six-path ownership comparison

v1.0.0

Units: Ten annual periods in nominal U.S. dollars, hours, percentages, and year-end debt balances
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars and hours
Invalid inputs: User controls bound rates to 0–100%, growth to −95–100%, debt terms to 0–40 years, and local imports to the exact six-path schema
Examples: One fictional six-path example is visibly labeled, replaceable, and restorable
Controlling formula: Present economic value = discounted after-tax cash + benefits − imputed unpaid management labor + discounted net terminal proceeds − owner cash committed; monthly debt amortization, household reserve, guarantees, owner hours, clinical fit, control, evidence, and exit remain separate
Reviewer status: Deterministic contract implemented; independent dental CPA, tax adviser, lender, attorney, owner, and household review still required

viability-gap

Independent-practice viability gap

v3.0.0

Units: Annual U.S. dollars, hours, percentages, and year-end balances
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars
Invalid inputs: Browser inputs are bounded at zero; liquidity haircut is bounded to 0–100%
Examples: Fictional values are visibly labeled and can be cleared
Controlling formula: Undiscounted nominal owner value = cash + benefits + retirement + change in realizable equity − owner capital − unpaid management-time cost; crossover requires every remaining cumulative year to stay nonnegative
Reviewer status: Deterministic contract implemented; independent dental CPA/valuation sign-off still required

first-48-months

First 48 Months runway

v2.0.0

Units: Monthly U.S. dollars, days, percentages, and month numbers 1–48
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; display whole dollars
Invalid inputs: Inputs are bounded at zero; percentages are bounded to 0–100%; capital events outside months 1–48 are ignored
Examples: Fictional startup-like values are visibly labeled and can be cleared
Controlling formula: Practice and household cash roll forward separately; household cash receives only the planned owner draw that available modeled practice cash can fund, and the remainder is reported as unfunded
Reviewer status: Deterministic contract implemented; independent dental CPA/lender sign-off still required

delay-cost

Delay Cost Clock

v1.1.0

Units: U.S. dollars, calendar days, monthly rates, and percentages
Rounding: Uses 30.4375 days per average month; calculate with full precision; display whole dollars
Invalid inputs: Inputs are bounded at zero; recoverable contribution is bounded to 0–100%
Examples: Fictional construction-delay values are visibly labeled and can be cleared
Controlling formula: Economic delay cost = recurring cash burn + one-time cash burn + unrecovered operating contribution
Reviewer status: Deterministic contract implemented; project-specific CPA, lender, contractor, and counsel review required

decision-lab

Eight Decision Lab calculators

v3.1.0

Units: Each function defines dollars, counts, clinical days, hours, ratios, or percentages explicitly in its labels
Rounding: Calculate with full precision; presentation rounding varies by output unit
Invalid inputs: Zero-denominator ratios return zero; user-facing controls bound percentages and nonnegative inputs
Examples: Fictional examples are held separately from clear-input states
Controlling formula: Entry evidence dimensions and safety checks remain separate with no composite score; pre-sale buyer-repeatable cash subtracts nonclinical operating cost, market clinical compensation for every provider, replacement management, and recurring capital reserve before debt sizing; team continuity remains in natural counts, percentages, hours, and days.
Reviewer status: Pure calculation modules implemented; independent domain review remains required

Version rule

Old outputs must identify the formula that produced them.

Patch

Presentation or non-output behavior changes. Arithmetic remains identical.

Minor

New optional output or backward-compatible input support. Existing approved fixtures remain reproducible.

Major

Controlling arithmetic, units, interpretation, or required inputs change. Saved bundles must be recomputed and the correction impact stated.

Human sign-off

Implementation does not equal independent validation. The reviewer status stays visible until the required professional completes it.